Which perspective focuses on how the body, including genes, hormones, and brain systems, affects behavior and mental events?

Which perspective focuses on how the body, including genes, hormones, and brain systems, affects behavior and mental events?

• A. Behavioral perspective
• B. Biological perspective
• C. Biopsychosocial model
• D. Cognitive perspective

Answer: (B)

The biological perspective focuses on how the body underpins behavior and mental events, including genes, hormones, and brain systems. It looks at how genetic predispositions can influence traits and vulnerability to disorders, how hormones regulate mood and arousal, and how brain circuits and neurotransmitters shape thoughts, feelings, and actions. For example, variations in neurotransmitter systems like serotonin or dopamine can be linked to mood and thought processes, while the limbic system and prefrontal cortex help govern emotion and decision-making. Stress activates the body's hormonal responses, which can alter behavior and mental states through mechanisms like the HPA axis. This perspective is distinct from the behavioral view (which emphasizes learning from the environment) and the cognitive view (which focuses on internal mental processes), and while the biopsychosocial model includes biological factors, it examines how biology interacts with psychological and social influences.

The biological perspective focuses on how the body underpins behavior and mental events, including genes, hormones, and brain systems. It looks at how genetic predispositions can influence traits and vulnerability to disorders, how hormones regulate mood and arousal, and how brain circuits and neurotransmitters shape thoughts, feelings, and actions. For example, variations in neurotransmitter systems like serotonin or dopamine can be linked to mood and thought processes, while the limbic system and prefrontal cortex help govern emotion and decision-making. Stress activates the body's hormonal responses, which can alter behavior and mental states through mechanisms like the HPA axis. This perspective is distinct from the behavioral view (which emphasizes learning from the environment) and the cognitive view (which focuses on internal mental processes), and while the biopsychosocial model includes biological factors, it examines how biology interacts with psychological and social influences.